All of the following must be overcome by an opportunistic fungal species as it attempts to establish infection in a new host EXCEPT

A. immune factors such as IgA, complement, and white blood cells.
B. non-optimal pH for fungal growth.
C. presence of nutrients.
D. the presence of normal microbiota.


Answer: C

Biology & Microbiology

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Which of the following is not a component of the demography of a population?

1.size and density 2.distribution pattern 3.age structure 4.all are demographic characteristics

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In transcription, RNA polymerase binds to a

__________ in the DNA near a gene, and then assembles a strand of RNA. Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

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Which of the following is NOT a cause of mutation?

Errors in DNA replication Errors during meiosis Exposure to radiation Exposure to tobacco All of the choices are causes of mutations

Biology & Microbiology

Which of the following will tend to produce adaptive changes in populations?

A) genetic drift B) gene flow C) natural selection D) the founder effect

Biology & Microbiology