The nurse is completing an assessment of an older patient's eyes. Which findings does the nurse identify as being normal age-related changes? Select all that apply.
1. Cataracts
2. Ectropion
3. Entropion
4. Glaucoma
5. Arcus senilis
2. Ectropion
3. Entropion
5. Arcus senilis
Explanation: 1. Cataracts are opacities of the lenses. Cataracts cloud the lens, decrease the amount of light able to reach the retina, and inhibit vision. Development is slow and painless, and may be unilateral or bilateral.
2. An ectropion is when the bottom eye lid sags outward and is no longer in contact with the eye.
3. An entropion is when the lid turns inward, bringing the eyelashes in contact with the eyeball and causing irritation and abrasion to the cornea.
4. Glaucoma is associated with optic nerve damage due to an increase in intraocular pressure, which can ultimately lead to vision loss.
5. Arcus senilis are corneal calcium deposits that have cosmetic implications only.z
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