Criminologists Richard Hawkins and Geoffrey Alpert identified four general ways in which correctional officers respond to their jobs. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

A. Some officers become intrusive and pry into the personal lives of inmates.
B. Some officers become alienated, cynical, and withdrawn.
C. Some officers become overly authoritarian and confrontational.
D. Some officers adopt a human-services orientation toward their work.


Answer: A

Criminal Justice

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Sampson found that the relationship between rates of family disruption and violent crimes among cities held true for cities with similar levels of joblessness. This shows that:

a. The association between rates of family disruption and violent crime is nonspurious. b. A causal relationship between family disruption and violence is not possible. c. The effect of family disruption on violent crime is conditional on the level of joblessness. d. The rate of joblessness did not cause the association between family disruption and violent crimes.

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The right to have an attorney provided to indigent defendants has not always been a part of the right to counsel.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

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In the real world, the relationship between the crime fighter and the criminal is more important than the relationships between the victim and criminal

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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Almost 60 percent of America's jails _____________ clients for at least some of the medical care they receive.

A. punish B. charge C. turn away D. reprimand

Criminal Justice