Define and explain collective efficacy and provide an example.
What will be an ideal response?
Collective efficacy is the shared power of a group of connected and engaged individuals to influence the maintenance of public order. Modern neighborhoods exercise social control based on shared rational goals utilizing shared expectations that others can be counted on to take action to prevent crime (neighborhood watches, voluntary group associations, demand for police services, etc.).
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In cases in which the identity of the perpetrator is known, the objective of the investigation is to: _____
a. develop suspects b. corroborate the statements of victim and/or witnesses c. probe the background of the victim(s) d. seek and identify crime partner(s)
In the 1960s the psychoanalyst Bruno Bettelheim hypothesized that autistic children were produced by mothers who were not competent to bond emotionally with their children. He called these mothers
a. refrigerator moms b. emotionally blunted moms c. freezer moms d. icicle moms
Why did the California Supreme Court rule against the three-strikes laws?
a. Many were being sent to prison too young. b. Many were being sent to prison for non-violent crimes. c. Judicial discretion was not being used properly. d. Many criminals were not being caught.
Suppose the victim gets hit by a speeding car shortly after the ex-convicts leave him on the side of the road. The victim was standing in the shoulder waving his arms for help, and the driver swerved into him. It turns out the driver of the car was
driving 20 miles over the speed limit and texting at the time of the accident. Which of the following charges seems appropriate for the driver? a. vehicular homicide b. first-degree murder c. felony murder d. no charge is appropriate