In the Book of Xunzi, human nature is portrayed as fundamentally
A. evil.
B. good.
C. ambivalent.
D. ethereal.
E. ephemeral.
Answer: A
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In the twelfth century, knighthood was legally restricted to men of __________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
The taille in France was
A) the official who collected royal revenues. B) a law exempting the clergy from taxation. C) the main land tax that burdened the peasants. D) a customs duty on all imported goods. E) a debt prison.
What precedent was there for the emergence of an ascetic movement with the Christian church?
A) The secular philosophies of the day also tended to be world-denying. B) Ascetics' self-denial had been an important part of Roman culture. C) The Christian church's founders were themselves ascetics. D) German invaders of the west practiced a form of pagan asceticism. E) Classical Greek philosophy and science saw the world as worthless and meaningless.
The main purpose for the development of Neo-Confucianism was to
A. deal with the issues of the universe that had been introduced into China by Buddhism and Daoism and which were able to fit into the original Confucian value system. B. counteract the appeal of Islamic ideas. C. turn the Chinese people away from Buddhism, Daoism and Christianity. D. fortify the believer's responsibility to withdraw rather than participate. E. act as a buffer against Muslim missionaries.