The nurse assists and educates clients on the difference between nonspecific and specific immunity. Which would be the best description by the nurse to the clients about humoral immunity?
1 . Destruction of antigens by antibodies
2 . Destruction of antigens by T cells
3 . Exposure to disease-causing organisms over one's lifetime
4 . Protects the body against circulating disease producing antigens and bacteria
A) 1, 2
B) 1, 4
C) 2, 3
D) 3, 4
B
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Humoral immunity refers to destruction of antigens by antibodies. Immunity can be inborn or acquired. Both naturally and artificially acquired immunity can be actively or passively acquired. Humoral or antibody-mediated immunity protects the body against circulating disease-producing antigens and bacteria. Cell-mediated immunity refers to destruction of antigens by T cells. Exposure to disease-causing organisms over one's lifetime stimulates the process of acquired immunity.
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A family agreed to bring all the children in to the clinic at one time to begin to catch up on the children's immunizations, but they didn't keep their appointment. Which of the following conclusions by the nurse would be most accurate?
a. Obtaining immunizations might have been the nurse's goal, not the family's. b. Some barrier or restraint interfered with the family's ability to come. c. The family had other, more important priorities. d. The nurse didn't adequately emphasize the importance of obtaining immunizations.
The nurse is teaching parents of a 3-year-old child about gross motor developmental milestones. What milestones should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)
a. Rides a tricycle b. Catches a ball reliably c. Jumps off the bottom step d. Stands on one foot for a few seconds e. Walks downstairs using alternate footing
When lifting a heavy patient or object,
A. bend at the waist. B. use your strong leg muscles. C. keep your feet close together. D. avoid close contact.
The patient asks the nurse why she needs to continue using table salt because her prescribed lithium (Eskalith) is a salt. What is the best response by the nurse?
1. "You must continue to use salt to avoid lithium (Eskalith) toxicity. If you use sea salt, you don't need as much." 2. "You must use table salt or your kidneys will retain lithium (Eskalith), and you will become toxic." 3. "The amount is not important; just increase your table salt if you notice signs of lithium (Eskalith) toxicity." 4. "Salt is very important to avoid lithium (Eskalith) toxicity, but not as important as drinking 1 to 1.5 L of water per day."