Which commonality would be most applicable to the patient with a personality disorder? The patient:
a. demonstrates behaviors that cause distress to self rather than to others.
b. has self-esteem issues, despite his or her outward presentation.
c. usually becomes psychotic when exposed to stress.
d. does not experience real distress from symptoms.
ANS: B
Self-esteem issues are present, despite patterns of withdrawal, grandiosity, suspiciousness, or unconcern. They seem to relate to early life experiences and are reinforced through unsuccessful experiences in loving and working. Personality disorders involve lifelong, inflexible, dysfunctional, and deviant patterns of behavior that cause distress to others and, in some cases, to self. Patients with personality disorders may experience very real anxiety and distress when stress levels rise. Some individuals with personality disorders, but not all, may decompensate and show psychotic behaviors under stress.
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