T cells that recognize autoantigens are induced to undergo (apoptosis/proliferation/recombination) in the thymus.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
apoptosis
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Patients with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency develop neurological symptoms. Patients with this disease
fail to make the substrates required for which metabolic process?
a. pyruvate oxidation b. oxidative phosphorylation c. glycolysis d. the citric acid cycle e. fatty acid oxidation
Water moves across plasma membranes by osmosis, a process that is most similar to ____
a. cotransport b. a process that requires energy from the cell c. simple diffusion d. active transport
Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology contains
A) classification schemes for prokaryotes. B) treatments for bacterial diseases. C) recipes for bacterial growth media. D) genetic sequences of prokaryotes. E) rules for naming new bacterial species.
Why is innate host resistance a type of nonspecific immune response?
A. Innate resistance is nonspecific because it depends on the life experience of the individual, for example, receiving a vaccine or acquiring a disease due to a particular pathogen. B. Innate resistance is nonspecific because any foreign material, microorganisms, or antigens encountered by the host are targeted. C. Innate resistance is nonspecific because any type of immune response, such as inflammation, phagocytosis, or humoral immunity, is activated in the host by foreign material. D. Innate resistance is nonspecific because it is impossible to determine the specific degree by which any host will respond when foreign material or microorganisms are present.