This material provides a mechanism for the maintenance of normal human skin that prevents drying and also is involved in the production of an acid pH to prevent the colonization of poten-tially pathogenic organisms
a. sweat
b. bacterocins
c. antibodies
d. sebum
D
Sebum is a material that is secreted from the oil glands of the skin that consists of long-chain fatty acids. Fatty acids not only provide a mechanism to maintain pliability and moisture in the skin to prevent cracking and deterioration, but also produce a lower pH that prevents the coloni-zation of the skin by potentially pathogenic organisms.
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Atractyloside is a poison that inhibits the transport of ADP from the cytosol across the mitochondrial membranes and into the mitochondrial matrix. The direct effect of this drug is to stop ATP synthesis because:
A. ADP is a necessary substrate for the reaction catalyzed by ATP synthase. B. it prevents proton pumping across the inner mitochondrial membrane. C. it prevents electron transfer to O2. D. it prevents electron transfer from NADH to complex I.
How does cellular respiration differ in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
a. Eukaryotes use substrate-level phosphorylation; prokaryotes use oxidative phosphorylation. b. Eukaryotes perform reactions in mitochondria; prokaryotes use the plasma membrane. c. Eukaryotes use NAD+/NADH as electron acceptors; prokaryotes use FAD+/FADH2. d. Eukaryotes do not use oxygen; prokaryotes only use oxygen. e. Eukaryotes metabolize only glucose; prokaryotes metabolize only galactose.
Thermodynamics tells us that efficiency in reactions is important and determined by how much energy is lost to heat in a reaction. In the metabolism of glucose, what percentage of the energy is extracted?
a. 50 percent b. 100 percent c. 34 percent d. less than 10 percent
Kwashiorkor is a condition that results from severe protein malnutrition. Indicate whether the statement is true or false