Which of the following statements is true of a party platform?
A. It is written and drafted by the national convention of the party.
B. It criticizes the policies of the incumbent even if a party is in power.
C. It eliminates the differences of a party with respect to other parties.
D. It boasts of a party's achievements if the party is in power.
Answer: D
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Problem statements in low-constraint research
A) Can change readily. B) Are not needed. C) Cannot be altered D) Focus on causality.
Comparatively speaking, the democratic transition in South Africa has been relatively easier than that in other transitional democracies because
a. the politically independent settler state that existed during the apartheid years was able to use the revenues from the local production of primary commodities to develop a relatively diversified economy, which in turn has meant that the current transitional democracy has inherited a strong economy. b. democratization was proceeded by a much longer process of economic liberalization. This has meant that South Africa has not had to undergo the types of dual shocks seen in post-communist countries. c. many of the more severe elements of apartheid began to be dismantled even before 1990, which in turn encouraged the development and growth of associational life. d. the constitutional negotiations that began the transition did not take place in a political vacuum or a situation of near state collapse. e. all of these.
Grassroots lobbying focuses on ______.
a. direct contact with legislators b. influencing public opinion c. litigation d. direct contact with PACs
The time and effort spent researching caterers for a wedding, debating preferences, and implementing decisions are all examples of ______.
A. conformity costs B. enterprise costs C. transaction costs D. overhead costs