The patient is exhibiting Kussmaul's breathing. The nurse knows this is most likely a compensatory effort for which acid-base disturbance?
a. respiratory acidosis c. metabolic acidosis
b. respiratory alkalosis d. metabolic alkalosis
C
In response to metabolic acidosis, the respiratory center is stimulated, causing an increase in the rate and depth of respirations or Kussmaul breathing. Respiratory acidosis is caused by hypoventilation or any condition that depresses ventilation. Hypoventilation can occur in respiratory failure or from drug overdose. Common central nervous system depressants include narcotics, barbiturates, and anesthetic agents. Respiratory alkalosis is caused by hyperventilating. In metabolic alkalosis, the respiratory rate is diminished in an effort to retain carbon dioxide.
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