The National Academy of Sciences recently concluded that polygraph tests
a. are 98 percent accurate, regardless of the examiner.
b. are more likely to label the guilty innocent than the reverse.
c. should be used to screen employees.
d. should not be used to screen employees.
ANSWER: d
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According to Holland, people choose occupations that optimize
a. income b. socialization. c. the fit with personality. d. intellect.
Your friend just won a race. You give her the thumbs up sign from the stands. This is an example of
a. miscommunication. c. nonverbal communication. b. verbal communication. d. encoded communication.
Research studies focusing on genetic factors in schizophrenia have found that
A. an individual with a schizophrenic identical twin has the highest risk factor (almost 50%) of developing schizophrenia. B. in family studies of schizophrenia, the genetic influence can be separated from the environmental impact. C. if one person in a family has a particular subtype of schizophrenia, for example, paranoid, the other family members inherit a predisposition for that subtype only. D. the more severe a parent's schizophrenic disorder, the less likely the children are to develop it.
What term do psychologists use for the finding that groups are less likely than individuals to aid a person in trouble?
a) bystander effect b) sole-witness effect c) subtle aggressive effect d) antisocial behavior effect