Suppose we present a weak, brief stimulus that an observer does not perceive consciously. What happens if we gradually increase the stimulus from one trial to the next?
a. Either activity spreads widely in the brain or it does not. Intermediates do not occur.
b. For stronger stimuli, activity gradually spreads to more and more of the brain
c. For stronger stimuli, action potentials gradually travel faster and faster.
d. For stronger stimuli, activity gradually persists longer and longer in the brain.
a
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It is difficult for others to confirm an individual’s subjective introspections; therefore, this approach does not lend itself well to ____
a. psychoanalysis b. the scientific method c. case studies d. cognitive therapy
The proportion (or percent) of a trait’s observed variability that can be explained by the variability of the underlying genetic structure is the definition of _______.
a. behavior genetics b. phenotype c. genotype d. heritability
Maribel is on a jury and she is already convinced that the defendant in the case is not guilty. She listens very attentively to everything the defense attorneys have to say, but she tends to pay less attention when the prosecution is presenting evidence. In this instance, Maribel is showing evidence of:
a. a confirmation bias b. the framing effect c. functional fixedness d. the availability heuristic
Research by Gilbertson and colleagues suggests that the reduced hippocampal volume observed in combat veterans with PTSD is:
A) a direct consequence of extreme stress and a sign of the disorder. B) a direct consequence of extreme stress and a symptom of the disorder. C) a preexisting condition that makes persons vulnerable to PTSD. D) both a cause and a consequence of PTSD.