Which of the following statements about hydrostatic skeletons is false?
A. Longitudinal muscle contractions increase
the length of the body cavity.
B. Hydrostatic skeletons are found in many
vascular plants and almost all multicellular
animals.
C. Movement is produced by muscles that
exert pressure against a fluid-filled cavity.
D. Intervertebral discs and cartilage are
examples of hydrostatic elements in the
vertebrate skeletal system.
E. Circular and longitudinal muscles function
as antagonists.
A
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If you want your poinsettia to bloom in the summertime, you will have to change the
a. amount of water. b. length of day. c. temperature. d. type of fertilizer.
What do you think would result if nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria populations suddenly declined?
A. Populations of denitrifying bacteria would expand to take over their role, creating only a temporary disruption. B. Both the aquatic and terrestrial populations of autotrophs would collapse. C. Legumes would cease to grow, but other types of plants would be unaffected. D. More nitrogen would become available for other aquatic autotrophs. E. Aquatic primary production would decline, particularly in regions not subject to fertilizer runoff.
Photorespiration lowers the efficiency of photosynthesis by
A) carbon dioxide molecules. B) 3-phosphoglycerate molecules. C) ATP molecules. D) ribulose bisphosphate molecules. E) RuBP carboxylase molecules.
Homologous structures are
A. structures of animals that appear to have evolved from different parts of their bodies. B. structures of animals that have the same appearances and functions but obviously no common ancestor. C. structures of animals that have different appearances and functions but seem to have evolved from the same body part in a common ancestor. D. structures of animals that have different appearances and functions but different ancestors.