What are neurotransmitters? Give examples of several neurotransmitters. Where do they primarily operate? How are they cleared from this area?
What will be an ideal response?
* Neurotransmitters are chemical substances that facilitate the transmission of information from one neuron to another.
* Neurotransmitters operate in the synapse.
* They are cleared by either breaking down in the synapse or by reuptake.
* Acetylcholine is involved in muscle movement, memory, and Alzheimer's disease.
* Dopamine is involved in movement and reward centers; it is also implicated in Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia.
* GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter involved in levels of excitability.
* Norepinephrine is involved in sympathetic nervous system activity.
* Serotonin is involved in mood, appetite, sleep, and aggression.
* Glutamate is the most widely distributed excitatory neurotransmitter; excessive levels may cause neurons to become overexcited and they may die. (See Table 2-1, p. 58).
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