What are the four approaches to multicultural education described by James Banks? Describe how each approach builds on the previous one in the hierarchy. Which approach would you use in your classroom, and why?

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Approaches to multicultural education are as follows:
a.Contributions approach: Ethnic historical figures whose behaviors and attitudes are consistent with those of mainstream America are discussed.
b. Additive approach: This is similar to the contributions approach, except that instructional units composed of concepts, themes, perspectives, and accomplishments are added to the curriculum, though they are taught from the perspective of mainstream American culture.
c. Transformative approach: Similar to the additive approach, except that it is assumed that there is no valid or right way to view the people or events in question.
d. Social action approach: This is similar to the transformation approach, except that students are asked to make a decision and take action on a concept or historical figure.
Since the trend toward cultural pluralism means that multiple systems of beliefs, values, and languages are all regarded as valid, the incorporation of the social action approach to multicultural education will reflect this perspective. The use of this approach will perpetuate the perspective that people of all ethnic backgrounds have worth and that their customs, values, and language make a worthwhile contribution to the classroom environment.