How does the type V hypersensitivity reaction differ from other reactions?
a. It is cell mediated rather than antibody mediated.
b. It is an immediate response rather than a delayed response.
c. It produces a stimulatory response to normal tissues.
d. It results in more severe tissue damage than is caused by other types of reactions.
C
Type V hypersensitivity reactions are known as stimulatory responses. The classic example of type V hypersensitivity is Graves' disease, in which the person makes a large amount of antibody that binds to the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TSHr-Ab) on thyroid tissue. The binding of this antibody to the TSH receptor activates the receptor, greatly stimulating the thyroid gland and causing severe hyperthyroid symptoms. This type of reaction is not cell me-diated. It is not an immediate response, nor does it cause more severe tissue damage.
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In which situation would using standard precautions be adequate? Select all that apply
a. While interviewing a client with a productive cough b. While helping a client to perform his own hygiene care c. While aiding a client to ambulate after surgery d. While inserting a peripheral intravenous catheter
Concerning the turns and other adjustments of the fetus during the human birth process, known as the mechanism of labor, nurses should be aware that:
1. the seven critical movements must progress in a more or less orderly sequence. 2. asynclitism is sometimes achieved by means of the Leopold maneuver. 3. the effects of the forces determining descent are modified by the shape of the woman's pelvis and the size of the fetal head. 4. at birth the baby is said to achieve "restitution," that is, a return to the C shape of the womb.
Summarize the relationship between the hypothalamus, the anterior pituitary gland, and the adrenal gland.
A. The hypothalamus secretes CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone), which stimulates the release of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) from the anterior pituitary gland that leads to the secretion of glucocorticoids by the adrenal gland. B. The hypothalamus secretes ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), which stimulates the release of CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone) from the anterior pituitary gland that leads to the secretion of glucocorticoids by the adrenal gland. C. The hypothalamus secretes CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone), which stimulates the release of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) from the anterior pituitary gland that leads to the secretion of mineralocorticoids by the adrenal gland. D. None of these are correct.