One of the best products for extremely dry skin on the elbows would be to apply which type of dressing?
A) An occlusive with petroleum material mixed in the cream
B) A humectant lotion that contains a ?-hydroxy acid
C) A lotion that has a corticosteroid in it
D) A cream that has a lidocaine product mixed with it
Ans: A
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Occlusives are thick creams that contain petroleum or some other moisture-proof material. They prevent water loss from the skin. They are the most effective agents for relieving skin dryness. Humectants are the additives in lotions, such as a-hydroxy acids and urea, that draw out water from the deeper skin layers and hold it on the skin surface. However, the water that is drawn to the skin is transepidermal water, not atmospheric water; thus, continued evaporation from the skin can actually exacerbate dryness. ?-Hydroxy acids are derived from fruits, hence the abundance of fruit additives in over-the-counter shampoos and lotions. Lotion or cream additives include corticosteroids or mild anesthetics, such as camphor, menthol, lidocaine, or benzocaine. These agents work by suppressing itching while moisturizing the skin.
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