Explain how stage-gate systems are used by companies to manage innovation and new product launches
What will be an ideal response?
Many top companies use the stage-gate system to divide the innovation process into stages, with a gate or checkpoint at the end of each. The project leader, working with a cross-functional team, must bring a set of known deliverables to each gate before the project can pass to the next stage. To move from the business plan stage into product development requires a convincing market research study of consumer needs and interest, a competitive analysis, and a technical appraisal. Senior managers review the criteria at each gate to make one of four decisions: go, kill, hold, or recycle. Stage-gate systems make the innovation process visible to all and clarify the project leaders and team's responsibilities at each stage. The gates or controls should not be so rigid, however, that they inhibit learning and the development of novel products. Many firms have parallel sets of projects working through the process, each at a different stage. Some firms use a spiral development process that recognizes the value of returning to an earlier stage to make improvements before moving forward.
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Imagine you are preparing to give a presentation about a campuswide event that will take place simultaneously at various locations around your college or university’s campus. What organizational pattern would you employ? Briefly explain your choice.
What will be an ideal response?
Round the number to the indicated place: 4,652 all the way
What will be an ideal response?
A favorable labor rate variance is created when:
A. actual hours worked are less than standard hours allowed. B. actual wages paid are less than amounts that should have been paid for the number of hours worked. C. actual labor hours worked exceed standard hours allowed. D. actual units produced exceed budgeted production levels. E. actual units produced exceed standard hours allowed.