The papacy of Boniface VIII saw

A. the Roman Church supreme over all of Christendom.
B. a papacy established in Avignon.
C. Boniface successfully excommunicating and destroying the power of France's Philip IV.
D. the papacy moving to Germany after Boniface's death.
E. the Church weakened as a result of the Black Death.


Answer: B

History

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The American continents, by the free and independent conditions which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers..."--- President James Monroe, 1823 Which President later built on the ida expressed in this quotation?

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