How does the amount of CO2 produced by fossil fuel consumption compare to the natural flux of CO2 in the carbon cycle?
What will be an ideal response?
The CO2 produced by fossil fuel consumption is ~ 7.5 Gton(C)/yr, while the flux from global respiration alone is ~60 Gton(C)/yr, and the flux from volcanism is about 0.06 Gton(C)/yr.
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Volcanos have no significant impact on weather and climate
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which of the following is a hazard but not a risk, according to the textbook?
A) The Kilauea volcano, which covers subdivisions with molten lava B) A cinder cone that erupts hot molten fragments on an unpopulated Pacific island C) A volcano in Iceland that threatens people with dangerous gases D) A volcano in Iceland that caused catastrophic flooding that destroyed houses and roads E) All of these are both a hazard and a risk.
Volcanic craters and impact craters can often look similar. Which of the following statements is correct is distinguishing between volcanic and impact craters?
A. Volcanic craters are often characterized by the presence of shocked quartz and melted rocks on the crater floor. B. Impact craters are often bowl-shaped and contain breccia and shocked quartz. C. Volcanic and impact craters cannot be distinguished by their physical characteristics, though there are differences in their chemical composition. D. Both volcanic and impact craters are bowl-shaped and contain breccia, but only impact craters contain melted rocks on the crater floor.
Which way is the current moving along this coastline?
A. in toward the coast B. out to sea C. from right to left D. from left to right