A patient complains of fever, pain on one side of the body, and fatigue. The clinician notes the patient's blood pressure is elevated. The patient reports experiencing some painful urination for a few days during the previous week. Tests on a urine
sample reveal the presence of motile Gram-negative bacilli. What is the patient most likely suffering from?
What will be an ideal response?
The pain on one side of the body and the increase in blood pressure are indicative of pyelonephritis, infection of a kidney. The Gram stain of the urine sample is consistent with that of enteric bacteria. The patient probably contracted a urinary tract infection caused by fecal contamination of the urethra. When left untreated, this infection then spreads to the kidneys.
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
Section: Bacterial Diseases of the Urinary System
Learning Outcome: 24.5
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