Why are inhaled steroids used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
A) They act locally to decrease release of inflammatory mediators.
B) They act locally to improve mobilization of edema.
C) They act locally to increase histamine release.
D) They act locally to decrease histamine release.
A
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When administered into the lungs by inhalation, steroids decrease the effectiveness of the inflammatory cells. This has two effects, which are decreased swelling associated with inflammation and promotion of beta-adrenergic receptor activity, which may promote smooth muscle relaxation and inhibit bronchoconstriction. Options B, C, and D are incorrect.
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Sarah explains to Lucy that unsatisfactory resolution of the conflict is typically destructive and will result in: a. Decreased frustration between the maintenance worker and her. b. A good relationship with the maintenance department. c. Eventual resolution of the problem without further intervention. d. Decreased productivity on her part.
The nurse is working with a patient who has experienced a fetal death in utero at 20 weeks. The patient asks what her baby will look like when it is delivered. Which statement by the nurse is best?
1. "Your baby will be covered in fine hair called lanugo." 2. "Your child will have arm and leg buds, not fully formed limbs." 3. "A white, cheesy substance called vernix caseosa will be on the skin." 4. "The genitals of the baby will be ambiguous."
The nurse in a pediatric acute-care unit is assigned the following tasks. Which task is not appropriate for the registered to nurse complete?
1. Diagnose an 8-year-old with acute otitis media and prescribe an antibiotic. 2. Listen to the concerns of an adolescent about being out of school for a lengthy surgical recovery. 3. Provide information to a mother of a newly diagnosed 4-year-old diabetic about local support-group options. 4. Diagnose a 6-year-old with Diversional Activity Deficit related to placement in isolation.