A patient tells the nurse he is reluctant to report his pain because he does not want to be a bother. What problems is the nurse aware that unrelieved pain can cause? (Select all that apply.)

a. Decreased oxygen demand
b. Depression
c. Respiratory dysfunction
d. Decreased GI motility
e. Irritability


ANS: B, C, D, E
Pain, which is unrelieved, can cause many physical and psychological symptoms including depression, respiratory dysfunction, decreased GI motility, and irritability. Pain causes increased oxygen demand.

Nursing

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