Which of the following laboratory data does the nurse anticipate for the client with chronic renal failure prior to hemodialysis?
1. Increased urine osmolality
2. Decreased phosphorus
3. Decreased potassium
4. Increased creatinine
4. Increased creatinine
Rationale:
The damaged kidney is unable to excrete waste products, including creatinine, so it will be increased. The damaged kidney is unable to excrete solutes; therefore, the serum osmolality will be increased and the urine osmolality will be decreased. Both phosphorus and potassium increase during renal failure due to the inability of the kidney to excrete them.
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A patient has been using amphetamines for the last 3 years and has been diagnosed with substance dependence
Which statements by the patient are associated with substance dependence? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. 1. "I am so tired and I feel so confused about everything that is happening around me.". 2. "I have really tried to cut down my use, but I fail miserably every time.". 3. "The only thing I care about right now is getting my fix.". 4. "I have to use a lot more right now to get the same high as before.". 5. "I have a great job where I work full-time as a mechanical engineer, so that part of my life is very fulfilling.".
One advantage of a full liquid diet is that it
a. is low in saturated fat and high in fiber. b. is suitable for patients with lactose into-lerance. c. is likely to be tolerated by patients with dysphagia. d. provides more protein and kcals than a clear liquid diet.
During admission assessment, Ms J has all of these findings. For which finding should you notify the health care provider immediately?
a. bilateral pitting ankle and calf edema 2+ b. crackles in both lower and middle lobes c. dry and peeling skin on both feet d. faint but palpable pedal and post tibial pulses
During data collection, a patient is experiencing warmth, redness, swelling, and minimal drainage of the right great toe. Which health problem should the nurse recognize is occurring with the patient?
a. Local infection b. Systemic infection c. Generalized infection d. Bacterial colonization