The six carbons that form glucose in your food are effectively lost from the cell as CO2
A. during the Krebs cycle as intermediate molecules are rearranged.
B. during the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA, and in the Krebs cycle.
C. as pyruvate is oxidized to form acetyl CoA.
D. when the glucose is initially broken apart in glycolysis.
E. each time ATP synthase phosphorylates ADP.
B. during the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA, and in the Krebs cycle.
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Which of the following is true about restriction endonucleases?
A. They make a blunt cut on the two DNA strands so that there are no single-strand regions. B. Depending on the incubation conditions, the same enzyme can either make a blunt cut on the two DNA strands so that there are no single-strand regions OR make staggered cuts on the DNA so that single-strand ends are formed that can be used to insert foreign DNA cut with the same enzyme. C. Some make a blunt cut on the two DNA strands so that there are no single-strand regions and some make staggered cuts on the DNA so that single-strand ends are formed that can be used to insert foreign DNA cut with the same enzyme. D. They make staggered cuts on the DNA so that single-strand ends are formed that can be used to insert foreign DNA cut with the same enzyme.
Paedomorphosis is
A. the formation of limbs from fins in the evolution of land vertebrates. B. the change from radial to bilateral symmetry in the evolution of plants and animals. C. the retention of juvenile traits in an adult organism. D. an earlier development of adult traits in an organism. E. the development of different types of eyes from a simpler form.
Archaea are resistant to damage by harsh conditions because their membrane lipids, unlike those of Bacteria and Eukaryota, have:
A. ether linkages B. proton pumps C. sulfhydryl linkages D. transferases E. cytoskeletons
Which essential plant nutrient is used to synthesize DNA?
A. phosphorus B. potassium C. magnesium D. calcium