How does the urinary system contribute to osteoporosis?

A. Calcium ions released from the bones are excreted as part of urine.
B. Excessive smoking lowers calcitriol levels, which decreases bone loss.
C. Decreased estrogen levels following menopause contribute to the disease.
D. Lack of exposure to sunlight increases vitamin D production at the kidneys and decreases calcium absorption.
E. Immune cells of the kidneys absorb excess calcium under the direction of PTH.


Answer: A

Anatomy & Physiology

You might also like to view...

The logic of error management training is:

A. people who advance in organizations make the fewest mistakes B. we learn from experience C. make many serious errors and learns from them D. assign the responsibility for errors to other people

Anatomy & Physiology

What is the most abundant cation in the ICF?

A) Ca2+ B) K+ C) Pi D) Na+ E) Cl-

Anatomy & Physiology

The typical pattern for molecules absorbed by Na+-dependent transport involves this: an apical ________ and a basolateral ________.

A) facilitated diffusion carrier, symport protein B) symport protein, osmotic gradient C) osmotic gradient, symport protein D) facilitated diffusion carrier, osmotic gradient E) symport protein, facilitated diffusion carrier

Anatomy & Physiology

A cross section of the digestive tube reveals four major tissue layers: (from the innermost layer outward) the mucosa, the __________, the muscularis externa, and the __________

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

Anatomy & Physiology