A researcher wanted to engage in the best possible research design to obtain reliable information about the possible cause(s) of a disease. Which of the following designs would the researcher choose?
a. Cross-sectional study
b. Descriptive study
c. Prospective study
d. Retrospective study
ANS: C
The most advantageous research design, because it obtains more reliable information and can more easily establish a stronger temporal relationship between presumed causal factors and their effects, is a longitudinal cohort prospective study. A cross-sectional study examines relationships between potential causal factors and disease at a specific time. A descriptive study focuses on the amount and distribution of health and health problems within a population. A prospective study monitors a group of disease-free individuals to determine if and when disease occurs. A retrospective study compares individuals with a particular condition or disease with those who do not have the disease.
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An 8-year-old asks the nurse how she got the antibodies that kept her from getting whooping cough. What is the nurse's best explanation?
a. "You received borrowed antibodies from another person who had whooping cough." b. "You were given a tiny case of whooping cough and then you made your own antibodies." c. "An immunization strengthened antibodies you were born with." d. "You received only temporary borrowed antibodies and you need to have another shot every 5 years."
What is the function of the tonsils and adenoids in small children?
a. Help promote antibody formation b. Assist in some digestive processes c. Protect against bacterial infections of the throat d. Support blood cell production
Many health providers define illness as pathology; however, people experience, rather than define, illness. How do most people experience illness?
a. "Feeling lousy," a true sense of not being all right b. A change in the way they feel or a disruption in their typical life c. Something to be dreaded and avoided if at all possible d. An experience that offers the potential for learning and spiritual growth
Because iron is one nutrient that needs supplementation during pregnancy, what is the recommended dosage for iron during pregnancy?
A) 27 mg/day B) 35 mg/day C) 45 mg/day D) 60 mg/day