Dr. Faber explained to her students that holding a pen between their teeth would make them feel happier. What is the main reason for this phenomenon?
A) Holding a pen between your teeth sends emotion signals to the pleasure centre in the brain.
B) Holding a pen between your teeth contracts the muscles of the face in the same way as a smile.
C) Feeling silly with a pen in your mouth causes you to feel happier.
D) Seeing others' reactions to the pen in your mouth causes you to feel happier.
B) Holding a pen between your teeth contracts the muscles of the face in the same way as a smile.
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Sensory threshold is defined as the
a. minimum amount of stimulation that can be detected. b. maximum amount of sensory stimulation that can be tolerated before pain is experienced. c. maximum number of senses that can be stimulated before the person is confused. d. minimum amount of energy produced by a neuron.
People who enjoy challenges, have a high level of control, and are committed to their lives, are high in_______
a. optimism c. extraversion b. hardiness d. mastery
A functional magnetic resonance imaging technique can capture brain changes ________
a. using radio frequencies to detect levels of blood oxygen in different brain areas. b. using microelectrodes that are so fine they can be inserted into single cells. c. by translating electrical energy from the brain into wavy lines on paper or a screen. d. by following the temporary inactivation of neural circuits.
Since the 1990s, HIV transmission rates among intravenous drug users have been reduced from about 50% to about 10%. According to the text, which of these factors led to this decrease?
A. syringe exchange programs B. sexual abstinence education C. increased Narcotics Anonymous attendance D. decreased use of hormonal contraceptives