A 44-year-old woman is suffering from bacterial pneumonia. In the first stages of her illness, she suffered from chest pain and had a high fever with diminished breath sounds. Currently she is feeling better and no longer has these symptoms
She is in which stage of the immune response?
A) Recognition stage
B) Proliferation stage
C) Response stage
D) Effector stage
Ans: D
Feedback: In the effector state, either the antibody of the humoral response or the cytotoxic (killer) T cell of the cellular response reaches and connects with the antigen on the surface of the foreign invader. The connection initiates a series of events that in most instances results in total destruction of the invading microbes or the complete neutralization of the toxin. Recognition of antigens as foreign, or nonself, by the immune system is the initiating event in any immune response. In the proliferation stage the circulating lymphocyte containing the antigenic message returns to the nearest lymph node. In the response stage, the differentiated lymphocytes function either in a humoral or a cellular capacity.
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A 46-year-old man, estranged from his siblings, has begun showing signs of dementia and has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. The nurse tells him how important it is that he inform his siblings of his disease
He refuses stating, "I don't want them to know. Let them find out on their own." What should the nurse do? A) Call the patient's brother and inform him of his risk for development of Alzheimer's disease. B) Notify the geneticist and have him instruct the patient on his siblings' and parents' risk. C) Notify the siblings' physicians about the patient's risk for development of Alzheimer's disease. D) Instruct the patient on the importance of notifying the siblings and keep his information confidential.
The nurse takes immediate action based on which interpretation of a patient's data?
1. Testicular torsion 2. Varicocele 3. Orchitis 4. Indirect inguinal hernia
A client has been taking a phenothiazine for 1 week. She contacts the crisis intervention clinic because she is still having symptoms. The nurse's response is based on the premise that the desired effects usually take _____ to manifest
a. 1 week b. 1 to 3 weeks c. 3 to 6 weeks d. 3 to 5 months
You are assisting the nurse with a sterile dressing change on a 4-year-old child. Which is correct?
a. Children are not often afraid of dressing changes. b. A calm child helps the dressing change to go quicker. c. A parent or caregiver holds the child so the wound can be reached with ease. d. The child is restrained to prevent conta-mination of the sterile field.