The nurse is counseling an adult client who has been instructed by the healthcare provider to have a mammogram screening performed. The nurse outlines this procedure for the client as which type of prevention?
1. Primary.
2. Tertiary.
3. Prepathologic.
4. Secondary.
Correct Answer: 4
Secondary prevention involves early diagnosis of health problems. Due to an increased risk of breast cancer in women over 50, routine screening is recommended yearly. Screening mammograms are considered secondary prevention. Other examples of secondary prevention include screenings such as blood tests, surgery, and dental care. Prepathologic is another name for primary prevention, which implies health and high-level functioning prior to development of pathology. Examples of primary prevention include immunizations and eating a healthy diet. Tertiary prevention occurs following the development of a disease or pathologic condition and is aimed at restoring an individual to the highest level of health possible. An example of tertiary prevention would be physical rehabilitation therapy for a client who has had a stroke.
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