A nurse identifies a need to assess a patient's cognitive status. The nurse chooses to use the MMSE. The nurse knows that the patient must have which of the following abilities? (Select all that apply.)
a. Number fluency
b. Familiarity with analog clocks
c. Ability to hear and see
d. Ability to sit up for 10 minutes
e. Ability to speak English
ANS: A, B, C
The MMSE requires number fluency, ability to see and hear and hold a pencil, and experience with analog clocks. The instrument is available in languages other than English. It is a cognitive status exam and does not require that the patient be able to sit up.
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