The ectosymbionts of ruminant animals are useful to their hosts in which of the following ways?
A. They convert glucose to organic acids.
B. They produce most of the vitamins needed by the ruminant.
C. They digest the cellulose of plant cell walls.
D. All of the choices are correct.
Answer: D
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Why does NADH produce more energy than FADH2?
a. FADH2 donates electrons to protein complex III as opposed to complex II. b. FADH2 requires more ATP to produce it and gives more energy back. c. NADH and FADH2 are synthesized in different steps of cellular respiration. d. NADH has a high free energy and can be oxidized more readily than FADH2. e. NADH supplies fewer electrons that are of a higher energy state than FADH2.
How does the location of DNA in animal cells compare to DNA's location in plant cells?
a. Animal cells have DNA in their nuclei and mitochondria, while plant cells have it in their nuclei, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. b. Animal cells have DNA in their nuclei, while plant cells have it in their nuclei and chloroplasts. c. Animal cells have all their DNA in their nuclei while plant cells have all of theirs in their chloroplasts. d. Animal cells have DNA in their nuclei and cell cytoplasm, while plant cells have it in their nuclei, ribosomes, and chloroplasts.
Which statement is true?
A) A line of lobe-finned fishes gave rise to tetrapods, and a line of tetrapods gave rise to modern amphibians. B) A line of tetrapods gave rise to chordates, and a line of lobe-finned fishes gave rise to tetrapods. C) A line of amphibians gave rise to tetrapods, and a line of lobe-finned fishes gave rise to modern amphibians. D) Tetrapods and amphibians evolved at approximately the same time, while lobe-finned fishes evolved 2 million years later.
The islets of Langerhans located in the ________ secrete both insulin and glucagon.
A. pituitary B. liver C. kidney D. hypothalamus E. pancreas