The physical status modifier P1 refers to a:

normal, healthy patient.
patient with mild systemic disease.
patient with severe systemic disease.
patient who is not expected to survive without the surgery.


Answer: normal, healthy patient.

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According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN), the proposed and updated definition for VAP includes which of the following?

1. Objective data 2. Patient's family history 3. A clearly defined time criteria 4. Chest radiograph images a. 1 and 3 only b. 2 and 3 only c. 2, 3, and 4 only d. 1, 2, 3, and 4

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____ contractions are nonrhythmic, sporadic, generally not painful, and increase in frequency, intensity, duration, and regularity starting at the midpoint in the second trimester.

A. Isometric B. Eccentric C. Quickening D. Braxton-Hicks

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Why are the definitions of the systems of speech primarily a convenience for discussing speech science?

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Which of the following best explains why vasoconstrictors are effective in increasing durations for local anesthesia?

A) Primary action on alpha receptors causes contraction of smooth muscles in blood vessels B) Primary action on alpha and beta receptors causes contraction of smooth muscles in blood vessels C) Primary action of beta receptors causes initial contraction of smooth muscles in blood vessels followed by vasodilation of blood vessels D) Primary action on alpha receptors causes initial vasodilation of the smooth muscle E)

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