During a lecture on adaptive evolution, your instructor is explaining how dark-colored moths were selected for during the Industrial Revolution in England, due to their better camouflage against soot-covered trees and buildings. One of the other students in the class interrupts the lecture to insist that this example does not support the theory of evolution because the genes for both light colored and dark colored moths already existed prior to the Industrial Revolution. What mistake has your classmate made?
a. The genes for dark colored moths were in fact created by natural selection during the Industrial Revolution.
b. This example is entirely hypothetical; moths do not fossilize so there is no way to document their phenotypes in the past.
c. Natural selection is intended to explain the change in frequency of existing alleles in a population over time.
d. Your classmate raises an original point that certainly would not be a waste of the class’s time to argue about yet again.
c. Natural selection is intended to explain the change in frequency of existing alleles in a population over time.
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Fall leaf color on deciduous trees is a result of
A. the production of more accessory pigments because of the cooler temperatures. B. the reduction in the production of accessory pigments. C. cessation of chlorophyll production, which allows the accessory pigments to be revealed. D. the increased angle of the sun during the fall, which reflects more of the accessory pigments.
In general, a cell receiving a message undergoes three stages of cell signaling. What are these stages?
a. paracrine, autocrine, and local b. signal reception, signal transduction, and cellular response c. signal reception, nucleus disintegration, and apoptosis d. signal reception, cellular response, and cell division e. the alpha, beta, and gamma
In your botany lab, the instructor hands out slides for viewing parts of the plant. The labels are covered so that students can speculate as to which type of tissue they are viewing based on the cellular configurations. You receive a slide showing cells that are nearly all in the middle of one of the stages of cell division. This tissue was mounted on the slide while it was actively growing. You puzzle it out. Which type of tissue must you be viewing?
a. permanent tissue b. dermal tissue c. meristematic tissue d. ground tissue
Describe the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide during gas exchange.
A. Oxygen diffuses out of the lungs into red blood cells and carbon dioxide diffuses out of red blood cells into the kidney nephrons. B. Carbon dioxide diffuses out of the lungs into red blood cells and oxygen diffuses out of red blood cells and into the lungs. C. Oxygen diffuses out of the lungs into red blood cells and carbon dioxide diffuses out of red blood cells and into the lungs.