For all practical purposes, a nation's monetary base is controlled by:

a. The government, financial institutions, and the central bank.
b. The central bank.
c. The International Monetary Fund and World Bank.
d. Individuals and financial institutions, by means of their preferred asset ratios, and the central bank.
e. No one because the monetary base is a free market quantity that is determined, like many macroeconomics variables, by the forces of supply and demand.


.B

Economics

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