Studies with nonhuman animals in operant conditioning using reinforcement and punishment led to the use of Token Economies in psychiatric hospitals in which patients were reinforced for appropriate behavior
The fact that animal research could be used with humans reveals that the research shows high levels of
a. internal validity.
b. external validity.
c. construct validity.
d. convergent validity.
B
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If an IQ test has high predictive validity, which of the following is true?
a. Students who take the test repeatedly tend to improve their scores. b. Students who do well on the test also succeed in school. c. All groups of people have the same mean and standard deviation. d. The test was standardized on a large, cross-cultural sample of people.
Your text describes a study in which students worked on a series of cognitive tasks and then received either positive or negative comments about their performance. The results of this research indicated that
a. women's self-confidence stayed the same, regardless of the type of comments. b. women's self-confidence increased greatly after positive comments and decreased greatly after negative comments. c. both men and women had increased confidence after positive comments, but after negative comments men's confidence dropped more than women's. d. gender differences were not found in this study.
An excessive, unreasonable fear of a certain object or situation is
a. precise phobia. b. specific phobia. c. specific anxiety. d. limited intense phobia.
For which type of test are the data typically in the form of frequencies for different categories on a variable?
What will be an ideal response?