The client with cancer is experiencing a state of malnutrition and loss of muscle mass caused by the cytokine production from a tumor. The nurse is aware that the client is exhibiting manifestations of what nutrition complication?
a. alopecia c. cachexia
b. anorexia d. wasting
C
Nutritional alterations may result from secretion of cytokines that make the body digest muscle for energy instead of stored body fat, resulting in cachexia (malnutrition and protein wasting). If untreated, the cachexia may decrease the effectiveness of cancer treatment, increase the side effects of these treatments, or cause death. Nurses should assist clients to find a registered dietitian who is knowledgeable about cancer cachexia and ways to reduce its impact. Nurses can encourage clients to select foods that are appealing and to use appropriate nutritional supplements. Enteral or parenteral nutrition may be prescribed for these clients.
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Bladder injury should be suspected in the presence of
A) lower rib fractures. B) pelvic fractures. C) renal injuries. D) All of the above are correct.
A client is hospitalized for psychotic symptoms including auditory hallucinations and paranoid delusions. Based on an understanding of neurobiology, the nurse knows the psychotic symptoms arise from disruptions in which neurotransmitter?
A) Dopamine B) Serotonin C) Acetylcholine D) Norepinephrine
The nurse is attending a neighborhood meeting where a half-way house is being proposed for the neighborhood when a member of the community states, "We don't want the facil-ity; we especially don't want violent people living near us."
The response by the nurse that best addresses the public's concern is: a. "In truth, most individuals with psychiatric disorder are passive and withdrawn and pose little threat to those around them." b. "The mentally ill seldom behave in the manner they are portrayed by movies; they are people just like the rest of us." c. "Patients with psychiatric disorder are so well medicated that they do not display violent behaviors." d. "The mentally ill deserve a safe, comfortable place to live among people who truly care for them."
When inspecting a patient's nasal mucous membrane, which finding does the nurse expect to see?
a. Deep pink turbinates b. Red, edematous mucous membranes c. Septum that angles to the left d. Clear exudate