A bell that signals the start of a round and therefore serves as an SD for the operant response of beginning to box may also serve as a _____ for a fear response. This is an example of how the two processes of _____ conditioning and _____ conditioning often overlap.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Ans: CS; classical; operant.
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In a large Austin inner-city high school, the student density is low because it's in a low-income neighborhood which many families have moved away from. In another high school, located in a small, middle-class Austin suburb, the high school is terribly over-full (it has a very high density) due to an influx of families moving out of the city. Research shows that the low-density, inner-city school has a significantly higher incidence of truancy, violence, and drop-outs. How would John B. Calhoun's study of density, crowding, and deviancy apply to these differences?
A. It would not apply very well, because this example demonstrates how factors other than density and crowding can explain deviant behavior. B. It would show that even though the inner-city school is less crowded, its density is still creating problematic behaviors. C. It would illustrate how we cannot study crowding and density separately but must always consider both at once. D. It would demonstrate that the effects of crowding and density only occur in low-income areas.
If we run a chi-square test on a one-way classification, a significant result tells us that
a. science has triumphed over evil. b. the categories are evenly represented in the data. c. the frequencies differ by category. d. we have made an error.
One of the most problematic of the pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) is __________
a) autism spectrum disorder b) attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder c) histrionic personality disorder d) Tourette's disorder
Mary is suffering from insomnia. Which piece of advice would you give to help her deal with it?
a) take sleeping pills b) mix up which time you go to bed so that your body doesn't get into a routine c) try to stay awake until you are as tired as you can imagine, and only then should you go to bed d) establish a "going to bed" routine that relaxes you