Which theory examines unequal relations in and among societies as far as the use and exploitation of natural resources?
a. Functionalism
b. Cultural materialism
c. Political ecology
d. Political economy
e. Ethnoscience
c
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One of the few exceptions to chiefdoms as farming societies were the foraging-based chiefdoms of __________
a. coastal regions of Southern Africa b. the Amazon Basin c. Southern India and Bangladesh d. the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America
Despite the analytical usefulness of learning about anthropologist Elman Service's typology of political organization into bands, tribes, chiefdoms, and states, it is important to remember that
A. Bronislaw Malinowski first came up with this typology. B. it applies only to the reality of societies in the so-called Third World. C. none of these political entities, or polities, can be studied as a self-contained form of political organization, because all exist within nation-states. D. it has no practical value in ethnographic research, only in theoretical anthropology. E. people all over the world vocally reject being classified under such a typology and typically express their anger through hidden transcripts.
In today’s Native American societies, the preferred term to describe an individual who falls between the categories of “man” and “woman” is known as:
a. berdache. b. gay. c. passive homosexual. d. two-spirit. e. effeminate.
Barth uses the term ________ to refer to a society that combines ethnic contrasts, ecological specialization, and economic interdependence of groups
A. colony B. broad-spectrum subsistence C. plural society D. imagined community E. assimilation