A client's cancer is staged by the TNM classification as T1, N3, M1 . What is the nurse's interpretation of this classification?
a. The client has a large tumor involving the lymph nodes, but no distant metastasis.
b. The client has a tumor, and metastasis cannot be determined by the staging me-thod.
c. The client has a 2-cm tumor, one involved lymph node, and local metastasis.
d. The client has a small tumor, many in-volved lymph nodes, and distant metasta-sis.
D
T = primary tumor. T1 indicates that a primary tumor is detectable but still relatively small. N = regional lymph nodes. N3 indicates that several regional lymph nodes are involved. M = distant metastasis. M1 indicates that distant metastasis is evident in at least one site.
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A patient with rapid-cycling bipolar disorder is not responding to lithium therapy. At the next multidisciplinary team meeting, the nurse should point out that many rapid-cycling patients have been effectively treated using
a. sertraline (Zoloft). b. phenytoin (Dilantin). c. benztropine (Cogentin). d. divalproex (Depakote).
When comparing the value of decimals, the correct sequence is
A. whole number, hundredths, tenths, thousandths B. ignore the whole number, compare tenths, hundredths, thousandths C. whole number, tenths, hundredths, thousandths D. thousandths, hundredths, tenths, whole number
In Smith's Unitary Theory of Caring, nurses approach knowing their patients through using ________ and _________abilities to grasp _______
A. Problem-solving, nursing diagnosis, outcome B. Sensory, extrasensory, wholeness C. Sensory, extrasensory, patterning D. Creative emergence, appreciating pattern, concept synthesis
During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell because:
a. Potassium moves out of the cell, and potassium and sodium are inversely related. b. The pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot function because of a decrease in ATP levels. c. The osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium across the cell membrane. d. Oxygen is not available to bind with sodium to maintain it outside of the cell.