List and describe the hierarchy of management levels.

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Top-level managers: Top-level managers--people in executive positions--have titles such as CEO, president, or vice president. Most organizations have relatively few top-level management positions. Top-level managers are responsible for managing an entire organization or major parts of it. They develop and define the organization’s purpose, objectives, and strategies and often get the credit or blame for the performance of their firms. They report to other executives or boards of directors and supervise the activities of middle managers.
Middle managers: People in middle management positions have titles such as sales manager, branch manager, or department head. Middle managers are responsible for implementing top management’s strategy by developing short-term operating plans. They generally report to executives and supervise the work of first-line managers.
First-line managers: Examples of titles of first-line managers are team or crew leader, supervisor, head nurse, and office manager. These managers are responsible for implementing middle managers’ operational plans. They generally report to middle managers. Unlike those at the other two levels of management, first-line managers do not supervise other managers; they supervise operative employees.

Business

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___________ refers to the process of managing our feelings so that we present positive emotions even when they are contrary to our actual feelings.

a. Emotional contagion b. Emotional intelligence c. Emotional affect d. Emotional labor

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The notion of ________, an ethical system, is similar to Adam Smith's concept of the invisible hand in business.

A. egoism B. utilitarianism C. humanitarianism D. relativism E. universalism

Business

At what governmental level are corporate charters issued?

A. Local B. Federal C. International D. State

Business