Describe the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes and explain how each is used in
genome-wide association studieWhat will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: Genome-wide association studies look for an association between the single nucleotide
polymorphism markers and a trait. Haplotypes are combinations of SNPs located so close to
each other on a chromosome that they are very often inherited together. In GWAS,
researchers scan tens of thousands of genomes to see whether a particular haplotype is found
significantly more often in people with a trait than in people without the trait. If so, a gene
controlling that trait may be near the chromosome location of these SNPs, and candidate
genes near the SNPs can be investigated.
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Probably the most abundant carbohydrate on Earth, this unbranched chain of ?-glucose subunits is the
primary structural fiber in plant cell walls.
a. chitin b. amylopectin c. cellulose d. glycogen e. amylose
Fishes that are very active swimmers have a ____ body
a. fusiform b. laterally compressed c. globular d. flattened e. dorso-ventrally compressed
Which layer of the stomach wall is modified into deep folds?
A) serosa B) mucosa C) submucosa D) muscularis
Researchers have tested Lack's hypothesis on clutch sizes, and the results are shown in the accompanying figure
In this graph, the histogram shows actual clutch sizes over 22 years for the Great Tit (Parus major), whereas the individual data points reflect results of manipulation of clutch size. According to this data, ________. A) Lack's hypothesis is supported B) there is an ideal clutch size in terms of survival; however, this species of bird is not producing as many offspring as could survive, therefore Lack's hypothesis is not supported C) there is an ideal clutch size in terms of survival—which is more than the number of offspring that are being produced; however, the results still support Lack's hypothesis D) there is no apparent ideal clutch size because of discrepancies in these data