Recall that your text states the following energy analogies:
a. ATP is compared to a few coins in your pocket.
b. Creatine phosphate is compared to a handful of dollars.
c. The glycolytic system is like an account in the bank.
d. The oxidative energy system is compared to stocks and bonds.In your own words explain why each is a valid comparison.
The best answers should include the following: ATP is like pocket change because it is available for immediate energy needs and only a small amount is stored in cells and that is quickly depleted. Therefore we have to replenish on a constant basis. Creatine phosphate is stored in greater amounts than ATP and quickly transfers its phosphate to ADP to form ATP. Where ATP lasts seconds, creatine can last a minute or so in a cell; therefore it is compared to a handful of dollars. The glycolytic system derives ATP from the fermentation of glucose. This inefficient method of ATP production can only supply energy to a cell for a matter of minutes and produces lactic acid that can cause fatigue. The oxidative energy system uses cellular respiration to produce ATP. It can use a wide variety of fuels and is the long-term energy provider for our cells. Therefore, it is likened to stocks and bonds that are considered long-term investments.
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A mutation results in the loss of the finger-like cell wall ingrowths found in normal placental transfer tissues. What effect is this mutation most likely to have on the development of the embryo?
A. The embryo will develop at a slower rate because the rate of nutrient transfer from mother to embryo will be decreased. B. The embryo will develop too quickly because the rate of nutrient transfer from mother to embryo will be increased. C. The embryo will be unaffected because plant embryos are not dependent on transfer of nutrients from maternal tissues. D. The embryo will be unaffected because the cell wall ingrowths of placental transfer tissues have no effect on nutrient transfer from maternal tissues. E. The embryo will be unable to develop because necessary sugars can no longer be transported across the plasma membrane.
Down syndrome can be caused by either trisomy 21 or a Robertsonian translocation
a. True b. False
What are secondary consumers?
a. producers b. herbivores c. plants d. cows e. carnivores
The first land plants were restricted to moist, marshy environments because of
A) reproductive cell requirements. B) the need for stem support. C) the need for nutrients. D) sensitivity to sunlight. E) the lack of a cuticle.