Which of the following are true about gastric distention with intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB)?
1. Gastric distention is uncommon in alert and cooperative patients.
2. Gastric distention is most likely at high airway pressures.
3. Gastric distention is a significant risk in obtunded patients.
4. Gastric distention is a relatively harmless effect of IPPB.
a. 1 and 3 only
b. 1, 2, and 3 only
c. 2 and 4 only
d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
ANS: B
Gastric distention represents the greatest risk in patients receiving IPPB at high pressures.
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