Before the evolution of complex nervous systems, animals with very simple nervous systems could engage in the following behaviors, except:
A. finding a mate.
B. obtaining food.
C. choosing a suitable habitat.
D. regulating internal body functions.
E. sensing chemical cues in the environment.
D
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When you hold your breath, which of the following blood gas changes first leads to the urge to breathe?
A) rising oxygen B) falling oxygen C) rising carbon dioxide D) falling carbon dioxide
Which is an example of a disorder in which an individual becomes vulnerable to infection by opportunistic agents that are typically harmless to people in good health?
A. Epstein–Barr B. Severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) C. Multiple sclerosis (MS) D. Muscular dystrophy E. Huntington’s disease
What are the sex-chromosome constitution (X and Y chromosomes) of the inviable offspring resulting from a cross between a white-eyed female (Xw XwY) and a wild-type male (normal chromosome complement) in Drosophila melanogaster?
A) X+Y B) XwXwY and YY C) YY and XwYY D) X+XwXw and YY E) X+XwY and X+XwXw
Major evolutionary changes have resulted in anatomical and physiological adaptations that optimize the rate of gas exchange in animals by each of these factors except ________.
A. increasing the diffusion constant for each gas B. decreasing the distance for diffusion C. increasing the surface area for diffusion D. increasing the concentration difference driving diffusion