How are the concepts of sex and gender different? How are the concepts of cisgender and transgender different? What concept connects all of these?

Question

Please provide the best answer for the statement

Answer 1

1. Sex refers strictly to the biological makeup of a male or female. This is determined based
on primary sex characteristics, such as reproductive organs, and secondary sex
characteristics, such as facial hair, breasts, and voice sound.
2. Gender refers to the socially constructed traits of masculinity and femininity that are
applied to the categories of male and female. A gender binary in some societies reinforces
that there can only be two categories.
3. Cisgender refers to someone whose assigned sex at birth is the same as their gender
identity, or the perception a person has of themselves as a man, woman, or in between.
4. Transgender refers to someone whose assigned sex a birth does not agree with their gender
identity. Sometimes these individuals will undergo surgery and medical intervention to
align their sex characteristics with their gender identity, but not always.
5. The concept of gender roles, or society’s expectations about how men and women should
behave, is the thread that connects these concepts together. Traditional gender roles tie
biology, or sex, directly to gender, arguing that women are passive, caring, and weak,
whereas men are strong, active, and aggressive. Gender roles also lead to discrimination
against transgender individuals.