_____ is emphasized to indicate that a correlation is not produced by chance.

a. Reliability
b. Validity
c. Causation
d. None of the above


a. Reliability

Political Science

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What factors have prevented Hispanics from translating their numbers into comparable political clout?

a. political differences among them, and the fact that many are not citizens or registered to vote b. programs like "Operation Wetback" and the "show me your papers" provision in Arizona c. the facts that many of them are not citizens or registered to vote, and many are illiterate d. their recent arrival in the United States, and the fact that many have not learned to speak English

Political Science

A president who is elected by popular vote is an invention of

A) the American political system. B) European democracies. C) a parliamentarian system. D) the Japanese government. E) prime ministers.

Political Science

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following can be considered strategic actions of a social movement?

a. peaceful protest b. online petitions c. lunch counter sit-ins d. violent actions

Political Science

The increase in federal social welfare spending since the 1970s has resulted from congressional approval of __________, also known as indexing, designed to keep federal social welfare programs

a) Social Security taxes b) Cost-of-living Adjustments c) Profit sharing d) Portfolio-to-person reimbursement

Political Science