Explain the operation of a constant-volume gas thermometer
What will be an ideal response?
A constant-volume gas thermometer consists of a bulb filled with a dilute gas connected by a thin tube to a mercury manometer. The volume of the gas is kept constant by raising or lowering the right-hand tube of the manometer so that the mercury in the left-hand tube coincides with the reference mark. An increase in temperature causes a proportional increase in pressure in the bulb. Thus the tube must be lifted higher to keep the gas volume constant. the height of the mercury in the right-hand column is then a measure of the temperature. This thermometer gives the same results for all gases in the limit of reducing the gas pressure in the bulb toward zero.
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The tunneling current in an STM is _________dependent upon the negative of the gap between the tip and the specimen.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).