A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a nursing diagnosis of impaired breathing pattern related to anxiety. Which nursing action is most appropriate to include in the plan of care?
a. Titrate oxygen to keep saturation at least 90%.
b. Discuss a high-protein, high-calorie diet with the patient.
c. Suggest the use of over-the-counter sedative medications.
d. Teach the patient how to effectively use pursed lip breathing.
ANS: D
Pursed lip breathing techniques assist in prolonging the expiratory phase of respiration and decrease air trapping. There is no indication that the patient requires oxygen therapy or an improved diet. Sedative medications should be avoided because they decrease respiratory drive.
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